Yes. You can run it in Wine in, say, Ubuntu. You will need to change the graphics driver in usersettings.ini to OpenGL. You can copy your Zenimax folder straight from a Windows PC to save installing and downloading.
I know this is a super old thread but has anyone done this recently since 2.0?
The 1.6 patch notes claim that they have patched out OS support and it can now only be run in DOS.
(Or on an Atari 2600 if you turn yourself three times and yell "Awhoo awhoo dibble-dee-doo!")