I'd say yes; that there items tied to specific areas (zones) and other items not affected by location. For example, the well-known farm for the Skooma Bubbler pattern and drop. Along with the various thrones, as you've pointed out seem to be tied to zones.

I have found the blue Daedric patterns all over - from dolmens to random daedric beasts in a ruins. It seems like a lot of the racial green patterns can be found in any zone. You just need to open every urn, trunk, nightstand, cabinet, etc you come across.

As to a list of specific locations -- I have not yet seen a holistic list yet. My recommendation would be scour reddit and these forums.